GCC Code Coverage Report
Directory: ./ Exec Total Coverage
File: sbin/newfs_msdos/newfs_msdos.c Lines: 0 400 0.0 %
Date: 2016-12-06 Branches: 0 489 0.0 %

Line Branch Exec Source
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/*	$OpenBSD: newfs_msdos.c,v 1.27 2015/11/23 19:19:30 deraadt Exp $	*/
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3
/*
4
 * Copyright (c) 1998 Robert Nordier
5
 * All rights reserved.
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 *
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 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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 * are met:
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 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
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 *    the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
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 *    distribution.
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 *
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 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR(S) ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS
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 * OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
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 * WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
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 * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR(S) BE LIABLE FOR ANY
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 * DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
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 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE
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 * GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
24
 * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER
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 * IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR
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 * OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN
27
 * IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
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 */
29
30
#include <sys/param.h>	/* powerof2 */
31
#include <sys/stat.h>
32
#include <sys/disklabel.h>
33
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
34
#include <sys/dkio.h>
35
#include <sys/mount.h>
36
37
#include <ctype.h>
38
#include <err.h>
39
#include <errno.h>
40
#include <fcntl.h>
41
#include <paths.h>
42
#include <stdio.h>
43
#include <stdlib.h>
44
#include <string.h>
45
#include <unistd.h>
46
#include <limits.h>
47
#include <util.h>
48
49
#define MINIMUM(a, b)	(((a) < (b)) ? (a) : (b))
50
#define MAXIMUM(a, b)	(((a) > (b)) ? (a) : (b))
51
52
#define MAXU16	  0xffff	/* maximum unsigned 16-bit quantity */
53
#define BPN	  4		/* bits per nibble */
54
#define NPB	  2		/* nibbles per byte */
55
56
#define DOSMAGIC  0xaa55	/* DOS magic number */
57
#define MINBPS	  512		/* minimum bytes per sector */
58
#define MAXSPC	  128		/* maximum sectors per cluster */
59
#define MAXNFT	  16		/* maximum number of FATs */
60
#define DEFBLK	  4096		/* default block size */
61
#define DEFBLK16  2048		/* default block size FAT16 */
62
#define DEFRDE	  512		/* default root directory entries */
63
#define RESFTE	  2		/* reserved FAT entries */
64
#define MINCLS12  1		/* minimum FAT12 clusters */
65
#define MINCLS16  0x1000	/* minimum FAT16 clusters */
66
#define MINCLS32  2		/* minimum FAT32 clusters */
67
#define MAXCLS12  0xfed		/* maximum FAT12 clusters */
68
#define MAXCLS16  0xfff5	/* maximum FAT16 clusters */
69
#define MAXCLS32  0xffffff5	/* maximum FAT32 clusters */
70
71
#define mincls(fat)  ((fat) == 12 ? MINCLS12 :	\
72
		      (fat) == 16 ? MINCLS16 :	\
73
				    MINCLS32)
74
75
#define maxcls(fat)  ((fat) == 12 ? MAXCLS12 :	\
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		      (fat) == 16 ? MAXCLS16 :	\
77
				    MAXCLS32)
78
79
#define mk1(p, x)				\
80
    (p) = (u_int8_t)(x)
81
82
#define mk2(p, x)				\
83
    (p)[0] = (u_int8_t)(x),			\
84
    (p)[1] = (u_int8_t)((x) >> 010)
85
86
#define mk4(p, x)				\
87
    (p)[0] = (u_int8_t)(x),			\
88
    (p)[1] = (u_int8_t)((x) >> 010),		\
89
    (p)[2] = (u_int8_t)((x) >> 020),		\
90
    (p)[3] = (u_int8_t)((x) >> 030)
91
92
#define argto1(arg, lo, msg)  argtou(arg, lo, 0xff, msg)
93
#define argto2(arg, lo, msg)  argtou(arg, lo, 0xffff, msg)
94
#define argto4(arg, lo, msg)  argtou(arg, lo, 0xffffffff, msg)
95
#define argtox(arg, lo, msg)  argtou(arg, lo, UINT_MAX, msg)
96
97
struct bs {
98
    u_int8_t jmp[3];		/* bootstrap entry point */
99
    u_int8_t oem[8];		/* OEM name and version */
100
};
101
102
struct bsbpb {
103
    u_int8_t bps[2];		/* bytes per sector */
104
    u_int8_t spc;		/* sectors per cluster */
105
    u_int8_t res[2];		/* reserved sectors */
106
    u_int8_t nft;		/* number of FATs */
107
    u_int8_t rde[2];		/* root directory entries */
108
    u_int8_t sec[2];		/* total sectors */
109
    u_int8_t mid;		/* media descriptor */
110
    u_int8_t spf[2];		/* sectors per FAT */
111
    u_int8_t spt[2];		/* sectors per track */
112
    u_int8_t hds[2];		/* drive heads */
113
    u_int8_t hid[4];		/* hidden sectors */
114
    u_int8_t bsec[4];		/* big total sectors */
115
};
116
117
struct bsxbpb {
118
    u_int8_t bspf[4];		/* big sectors per FAT */
119
    u_int8_t xflg[2];		/* FAT control flags */
120
    u_int8_t vers[2];		/* file system version */
121
    u_int8_t rdcl[4];		/* root directory start cluster */
122
    u_int8_t infs[2];		/* file system info sector */
123
    u_int8_t bkbs[2];		/* backup boot sector */
124
    u_int8_t rsvd[12];		/* reserved */
125
};
126
127
struct bsx {
128
    u_int8_t drv;		/* drive number */
129
    u_int8_t rsvd;		/* reserved */
130
    u_int8_t sig;		/* extended boot signature */
131
    u_int8_t volid[4];		/* volume ID number */
132
    u_int8_t label[11];		/* volume label */
133
    u_int8_t type[8];		/* file system type */
134
};
135
136
struct de {
137
    u_int8_t namext[11];	/* name and extension */
138
    u_int8_t attr;		/* attributes */
139
    u_int8_t rsvd[10];		/* reserved */
140
    u_int8_t time[2];		/* creation time */
141
    u_int8_t date[2];		/* creation date */
142
    u_int8_t clus[2];		/* starting cluster */
143
    u_int8_t size[4];		/* size */
144
};
145
146
struct bpb {
147
    u_int bps;			/* bytes per sector */
148
    u_int spc;			/* sectors per cluster */
149
    u_int res;			/* reserved sectors */
150
    u_int nft;			/* number of FATs */
151
    u_int rde;			/* root directory entries */
152
    u_int sec;			/* total sectors */
153
    u_int mid;			/* media descriptor */
154
    u_int spf;			/* sectors per FAT */
155
    u_int spt;			/* sectors per track */
156
    u_int hds;			/* drive heads */
157
    u_int hid;			/* hidden sectors */
158
    u_int bsec;			/* big total sectors */
159
    u_int bspf;			/* big sectors per FAT */
160
    u_int rdcl; 		/* root directory start cluster */
161
    u_int infs; 		/* file system info sector */
162
    u_int bkbs; 		/* backup boot sector */
163
};
164
165
static struct {
166
    const char *name;
167
    struct bpb bpb;
168
} stdfmt[] = {
169
    {"160",  {512, 1, 1, 2,  64,  320, 0xfe, 1,  8, 1}},
170
    {"180",  {512, 1, 1, 2,  64,  360, 0xfc, 2,  9, 1}},
171
    {"320",  {512, 2, 1, 2, 112,  640, 0xff, 1,  8, 2}},
172
    {"360",  {512, 2, 1, 2, 112,  720, 0xfd, 2,  9, 2}},
173
    {"720",  {512, 2, 1, 2, 112, 1440, 0xf9, 3,  9, 2}},
174
    {"1200", {512, 1, 1, 2, 224, 2400, 0xf9, 7, 15, 2}},
175
    {"1440", {512, 1, 1, 2, 224, 2880, 0xf0, 9, 18, 2}},
176
    {"2880", {512, 2, 1, 2, 240, 5760, 0xf0, 9, 36, 2}}
177
};
178
179
static u_int8_t bootcode[] = {
180
    0xfa,			/* cli		    */
181
    0x31, 0xc0, 		/* xor	   ax,ax    */
182
    0x8e, 0xd0, 		/* mov	   ss,ax    */
183
    0xbc, 0x00, 0x7c,		/* mov	   sp,7c00h */
184
    0xfb,			/* sti		    */
185
    0x8e, 0xd8, 		/* mov	   ds,ax    */
186
    0xe8, 0x00, 0x00,		/* call    $ + 3    */
187
    0x5e,			/* pop	   si	    */
188
    0x83, 0xc6, 0x19,		/* add	   si,+19h  */
189
    0xbb, 0x07, 0x00,		/* mov	   bx,0007h */
190
    0xfc,			/* cld		    */
191
    0xac,			/* lodsb	    */
192
    0x84, 0xc0, 		/* test    al,al    */
193
    0x74, 0x06, 		/* jz	   $ + 8    */
194
    0xb4, 0x0e, 		/* mov	   ah,0eh   */
195
    0xcd, 0x10, 		/* int	   10h	    */
196
    0xeb, 0xf5, 		/* jmp	   $ - 9    */
197
    0x30, 0xe4, 		/* xor	   ah,ah    */
198
    0xcd, 0x16, 		/* int	   16h	    */
199
    0xcd, 0x19, 		/* int	   19h	    */
200
    0x0d, 0x0a,
201
    'N', 'o', 'n', '-', 's', 'y', 's', 't',
202
    'e', 'm', ' ', 'd', 'i', 's', 'k',
203
    0x0d, 0x0a,
204
    'P', 'r', 'e', 's', 's', ' ', 'a', 'n',
205
    'y', ' ', 'k', 'e', 'y', ' ', 't', 'o',
206
    ' ', 'r', 'e', 'b', 'o', 'o', 't',
207
    0x0d, 0x0a,
208
    0
209
};
210
211
static void check_mounted(const char *, mode_t);
212
static void getstdfmt(const char *, struct bpb *);
213
static void getdiskinfo(int, const char *, const char *, int,
214
			struct bpb *);
215
static void print_bpb(struct bpb *);
216
static u_int ckgeom(const char *, u_int, const char *);
217
static u_int argtou(const char *, u_int, u_int, const char *);
218
static int oklabel(const char *);
219
static void mklabel(u_int8_t *, const char *);
220
static void setstr(u_int8_t *, const char *, size_t);
221
static __dead void usage(void);
222
223
/*
224
 * Construct a FAT12, FAT16, or FAT32 file system.
225
 */
226
int
227
main(int argc, char *argv[])
228
{
229
    static char opts[] = "NB:F:I:L:O:S:a:b:c:e:f:h:i:k:m:n:o:qr:s:t:u:";
230
    static const char *opt_B, *opt_L, *opt_O, *opt_f;
231
    static u_int opt_F, opt_I, opt_S, opt_a, opt_b, opt_c, opt_e;
232
    static u_int opt_h, opt_i, opt_k, opt_m, opt_n, opt_o, opt_r;
233
    static u_int opt_s, opt_u;
234
    static int opt_N;
235
    static int Iflag, mflag, oflag;
236
    char buf[PATH_MAX];
237
    struct stat sb;
238
    struct timeval tv;
239
    struct bpb bpb;
240
    struct tm *tm;
241
    struct bs *bs;
242
    struct bsbpb *bsbpb;
243
    struct bsxbpb *bsxbpb;
244
    struct bsx *bsx;
245
    struct de *de;
246
    u_int8_t *img;
247
    const char *dtype, *bname;
248
    char *sname, *fname;
249
    ssize_t n;
250
    time_t now;
251
    u_int fat, bss, rds, cls, dir, lsn, x, x1, x2;
252
    int ch, fd, fd1;
253
254
    if (pledge("stdio rpath wpath disklabel cpath", NULL) == -1)
255
	err(1, "pledge");
256
257
    while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, opts)) != -1)
258
	switch (ch) {
259
	case 'N':
260
	    opt_N = 1;
261
	    break;
262
	case 'B':
263
	    opt_B = optarg;
264
	    break;
265
	case 'F':
266
	    opt_F = strtonum(optarg, 1, INT_MAX, NULL);
267
	    if (!(opt_F == 12 || opt_F == 16 || opt_F == 32))
268
		errx(1, "%s: bad FAT type", optarg);
269
	    break;
270
	case 'I':
271
	    opt_I = argto4(optarg, 0, "volume ID");
272
	    Iflag = 1;
273
	    break;
274
	case 'L':
275
	    if (!oklabel(optarg))
276
		errx(1, "%s: bad volume label", optarg);
277
	    opt_L = optarg;
278
	    break;
279
	case 'O':
280
	    if (strlen(optarg) > 8)
281
		errx(1, "%s: bad OEM string", optarg);
282
	    opt_O = optarg;
283
	    break;
284
	case 'S':
285
	    opt_S = argto2(optarg, 1, "bytes/sector");
286
	    break;
287
	case 'a':
288
	    opt_a = argto4(optarg, 1, "sectors/FAT");
289
	    break;
290
	case 'b':
291
	    opt_b = argtox(optarg, 1, "block size");
292
	    opt_c = 0;
293
	    break;
294
	case 'c':
295
	    opt_c = argto1(optarg, 1, "sectors/cluster");
296
	    opt_b = 0;
297
	    break;
298
	case 'e':
299
	    opt_e = argto2(optarg, 1, "directory entries");
300
	    break;
301
	case 'f':
302
	    opt_f = optarg;
303
	    break;
304
	case 'h':
305
	    opt_h = argto2(optarg, 1, "drive heads");
306
	    break;
307
	case 'i':
308
	    opt_i = argto2(optarg, 1, "info sector");
309
	    break;
310
	case 'k':
311
	    opt_k = argto2(optarg, 1, "backup sector");
312
	    break;
313
	case 'm':
314
	    opt_m = argto1(optarg, 0, "media descriptor");
315
	    mflag = 1;
316
	    break;
317
	case 'n':
318
	    opt_n = argto1(optarg, 1, "number of FATs");
319
	    break;
320
	case 'o':
321
	    opt_o = argto4(optarg, 0, "hidden sectors");
322
	    oflag = 1;
323
	    break;
324
	case 'q':			/* Compat with newfs -q */
325
	    break;
326
	case 'r':
327
	    opt_r = argto2(optarg, 1, "reserved sectors");
328
	    break;
329
	case 's':
330
	    opt_s = argto4(optarg, 1, "file system size");
331
	    break;
332
	case 't':			/* Compat with newfs -t */
333
	    break;
334
	case 'u':
335
	    opt_u = argto2(optarg, 1, "sectors/track");
336
	    break;
337
	default:
338
	    usage();
339
	}
340
    argc -= optind;
341
    argv += optind;
342
    if (argc < 1 || argc > 2)
343
	usage();
344
    sname = *argv++;
345
    dtype = *argv;
346
    if ((fd = opendev(sname, opt_N ? O_RDONLY : O_RDWR, 0, &fname)) == -1 ||
347
	fstat(fd, &sb))
348
	err(1, "%s", fname);
349
    if (!opt_N)
350
	check_mounted(fname, sb.st_mode);
351
    if (S_ISBLK(sb.st_mode))
352
	errx(1, "%s: block device", fname);
353
    if (!S_ISCHR(sb.st_mode))
354
	warnx("warning: %s is not a character device", fname);
355
    memset(&bpb, 0, sizeof(bpb));
356
    if (opt_f) {
357
	getstdfmt(opt_f, &bpb);
358
	bpb.bsec = bpb.sec;
359
	bpb.sec = 0;
360
	bpb.bspf = bpb.spf;
361
	bpb.spf = 0;
362
    }
363
    if (opt_h)
364
	bpb.hds = opt_h;
365
    if (opt_u)
366
	bpb.spt = opt_u;
367
    if (opt_S)
368
	bpb.bps = opt_S;
369
    if (opt_s)
370
	bpb.bsec = opt_s;
371
    if (oflag)
372
	bpb.hid = opt_o;
373
    if (!(opt_f || (opt_h && opt_u && opt_S && opt_s && oflag)))
374
	getdiskinfo(fd, fname, dtype, oflag, &bpb);
375
    if (!powerof2(bpb.bps))
376
	errx(1, "bytes/sector (%u) is not a power of 2", bpb.bps);
377
    if (bpb.bps < MINBPS)
378
	errx(1, "bytes/sector (%u) is too small; minimum is %u",
379
	     bpb.bps, MINBPS);
380
    if (!(fat = opt_F)) {
381
	if (opt_f)
382
	    fat = 12;
383
	else if (!opt_e && (opt_i || opt_k))
384
	    fat = 32;
385
    }
386
    if ((fat == 32 && opt_e) || (fat != 32 && (opt_i || opt_k)))
387
	errx(1, "-%c is not a legal FAT%s option",
388
	     fat == 32 ? 'e' : opt_i ? 'i' : 'k',
389
	     fat == 32 ? "32" : "12/16");
390
    if (opt_f && fat == 32)
391
	bpb.rde = 0;
392
    if (opt_b) {
393
	if (!powerof2(opt_b))
394
	    errx(1, "block size (%u) is not a power of 2", opt_b);
395
	if (opt_b < bpb.bps)
396
	    errx(1, "block size (%u) is too small; minimum is %u",
397
		 opt_b, bpb.bps);
398
	if (opt_b > bpb.bps * MAXSPC)
399
	    errx(1, "block size (%u) is too large; maximum is %u",
400
		 opt_b, bpb.bps * MAXSPC);
401
	bpb.spc = opt_b / bpb.bps;
402
    }
403
    if (opt_c) {
404
	if (!powerof2(opt_c))
405
	    errx(1, "sectors/cluster (%u) is not a power of 2", opt_c);
406
	bpb.spc = opt_c;
407
    }
408
    if (opt_r)
409
	bpb.res = opt_r;
410
    if (opt_n) {
411
	if (opt_n > MAXNFT)
412
	    errx(1, "number of FATs (%u) is too large; maximum is %u",
413
		 opt_n, MAXNFT);
414
	bpb.nft = opt_n;
415
    }
416
    if (opt_e)
417
	bpb.rde = opt_e;
418
    if (mflag) {
419
	if (opt_m < 0xf0)
420
	    errx(1, "illegal media descriptor (%#x)", opt_m);
421
	bpb.mid = opt_m;
422
    }
423
    if (opt_a)
424
	bpb.bspf = opt_a;
425
    if (opt_i)
426
	bpb.infs = opt_i;
427
    if (opt_k)
428
	bpb.bkbs = opt_k;
429
    bss = 1;
430
    bname = NULL;
431
    fd1 = -1;
432
    if (opt_B) {
433
	bname = opt_B;
434
	if (!strchr(bname, '/')) {
435
	    snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "/boot/%s", bname);
436
	    if (!(bname = strdup(buf)))
437
		err(1, NULL);
438
	}
439
	if ((fd1 = open(bname, O_RDONLY)) == -1 || fstat(fd1, &sb))
440
	    err(1, "%s", bname);
441
	if (!S_ISREG(sb.st_mode) || sb.st_size % bpb.bps ||
442
	    sb.st_size < bpb.bps || sb.st_size > bpb.bps * MAXU16)
443
	    errx(1, "%s: inappropriate file type or format", bname);
444
	bss = sb.st_size / bpb.bps;
445
    }
446
    if (!bpb.nft)
447
	bpb.nft = 2;
448
    if (!fat) {
449
	if (bpb.bsec < (bpb.res ? bpb.res : bss) +
450
	    howmany((RESFTE + (bpb.spc ? MINCLS16 : MAXCLS12 + 1)) *
451
		    ((bpb.spc ? 16 : 12) / BPN), bpb.bps * NPB) *
452
	    bpb.nft +
453
	    howmany(bpb.rde ? bpb.rde : DEFRDE,
454
		    bpb.bps / sizeof(struct de)) +
455
	    (bpb.spc ? MINCLS16 : MAXCLS12 + 1) *
456
	    (bpb.spc ? bpb.spc : howmany(DEFBLK, bpb.bps)))
457
	    fat = 12;
458
	else if (bpb.rde || bpb.bsec <
459
		 (bpb.res ? bpb.res : bss) +
460
		 howmany((RESFTE + MAXCLS16) * 2, bpb.bps) * bpb.nft +
461
		 howmany(DEFRDE, bpb.bps / sizeof(struct de)) +
462
		 (MAXCLS16 + 1) *
463
		 (bpb.spc ? bpb.spc : howmany(8192, bpb.bps)))
464
	    fat = 16;
465
	else
466
	    fat = 32;
467
    }
468
    x = bss;
469
    if (fat == 32) {
470
	if (!bpb.infs) {
471
	    if (x == MAXU16 || x == bpb.bkbs)
472
		errx(1, "no room for info sector");
473
	    bpb.infs = x;
474
	}
475
	if (bpb.infs != MAXU16 && x <= bpb.infs)
476
	    x = bpb.infs + 1;
477
	if (!bpb.bkbs) {
478
	    if (x == MAXU16)
479
		errx(1, "no room for backup sector");
480
	    bpb.bkbs = x;
481
	} else if (bpb.bkbs != MAXU16 && bpb.bkbs == bpb.infs)
482
	    errx(1, "backup sector would overwrite info sector");
483
	if (bpb.bkbs != MAXU16 && x <= bpb.bkbs)
484
	    x = bpb.bkbs + 1;
485
    }
486
    if (!bpb.res)
487
	bpb.res = fat == 32 ? MAXIMUM(x, MAXIMUM(16384 / bpb.bps, 4)) : x;
488
    else if (bpb.res < x)
489
	errx(1, "too few reserved sectors");
490
    if (fat != 32 && !bpb.rde)
491
	bpb.rde = DEFRDE;
492
    rds = howmany(bpb.rde, bpb.bps / sizeof(struct de));
493
    if (!bpb.spc)
494
	for (bpb.spc = howmany(fat == 16 ? DEFBLK16 : DEFBLK, bpb.bps);
495
	     bpb.spc < MAXSPC &&
496
	     bpb.res +
497
	     howmany((RESFTE + maxcls(fat)) * (fat / BPN),
498
		     bpb.bps * NPB) * bpb.nft +
499
	     rds +
500
	     (u_int64_t)(maxcls(fat) + 1) * bpb.spc <= bpb.bsec;
501
	     bpb.spc <<= 1);
502
    if (fat != 32 && bpb.bspf > MAXU16)
503
	errx(1, "too many sectors/FAT for FAT12/16");
504
    x1 = bpb.res + rds;
505
    x = bpb.bspf ? bpb.bspf : 1;
506
    if (x1 + (u_int64_t)x * bpb.nft > bpb.bsec)
507
	errx(1, "meta data exceeds file system size");
508
    x1 += x * bpb.nft;
509
    x = (u_int64_t)(bpb.bsec - x1) * bpb.bps * NPB /
510
	(bpb.spc * bpb.bps * NPB + fat / BPN * bpb.nft);
511
    x2 = howmany((RESFTE + MINIMUM(x, maxcls(fat))) * (fat / BPN),
512
		 bpb.bps * NPB);
513
    if (!bpb.bspf) {
514
	bpb.bspf = x2;
515
	x1 += (bpb.bspf - 1) * bpb.nft;
516
    }
517
    cls = (bpb.bsec - x1) / bpb.spc;
518
    x = (u_int64_t)bpb.bspf * bpb.bps * NPB / (fat / BPN) - RESFTE;
519
    if (cls > x)
520
	cls = x;
521
    if (bpb.bspf < x2)
522
	warnx("warning: sectors/FAT limits file system to %u clusters",
523
	      cls);
524
    if (cls < mincls(fat))
525
	errx(1, "%u clusters too few clusters for FAT%u, need %u", cls, fat,
526
	    mincls(fat));
527
    if (cls > maxcls(fat)) {
528
	cls = maxcls(fat);
529
	bpb.bsec = x1 + (cls + 1) * bpb.spc - 1;
530
	warnx("warning: FAT type limits file system to %u sectors",
531
	      bpb.bsec);
532
    }
533
    printf("%s: %u sector%s in %u FAT%u cluster%s "
534
	   "(%u bytes/cluster)\n", fname, cls * bpb.spc,
535
	   cls * bpb.spc == 1 ? "" : "s", cls, fat,
536
	   cls == 1 ? "" : "s", bpb.bps * bpb.spc);
537
    if (!bpb.mid)
538
	bpb.mid = !bpb.hid ? 0xf0 : 0xf8;
539
    if (fat == 32)
540
	bpb.rdcl = RESFTE;
541
    if (bpb.hid + bpb.bsec <= MAXU16) {
542
	bpb.sec = bpb.bsec;
543
	bpb.bsec = 0;
544
    }
545
    if (fat != 32) {
546
	bpb.spf = bpb.bspf;
547
	bpb.bspf = 0;
548
    }
549
    print_bpb(&bpb);
550
    if (!opt_N) {
551
	gettimeofday(&tv, NULL);
552
	now = tv.tv_sec;
553
	tm = localtime(&now);
554
	if (!(img = malloc(bpb.bps)))
555
	    err(1, NULL);
556
	dir = bpb.res + (bpb.spf ? bpb.spf : bpb.bspf) * bpb.nft;
557
	for (lsn = 0; lsn < dir + (fat == 32 ? bpb.spc : rds); lsn++) {
558
	    x = lsn;
559
	    if (opt_B &&
560
		fat == 32 && bpb.bkbs != MAXU16 &&
561
		bss <= bpb.bkbs && x >= bpb.bkbs) {
562
		x -= bpb.bkbs;
563
		if (!x && lseek(fd1, 0, SEEK_SET))
564
		    err(1, "%s", bname);
565
	    }
566
	    if (opt_B && x < bss) {
567
		if ((n = read(fd1, img, bpb.bps)) == -1)
568
		    err(1, "%s", bname);
569
		if (n != bpb.bps)
570
		    errx(1, "%s: can't read sector %u", bname, x);
571
	    } else
572
		memset(img, 0, bpb.bps);
573
	    if (!lsn ||
574
	      (fat == 32 && bpb.bkbs != MAXU16 && lsn == bpb.bkbs)) {
575
		x1 = sizeof(struct bs);
576
		bsbpb = (struct bsbpb *)(img + x1);
577
		mk2(bsbpb->bps, bpb.bps);
578
		mk1(bsbpb->spc, bpb.spc);
579
		mk2(bsbpb->res, bpb.res);
580
		mk1(bsbpb->nft, bpb.nft);
581
		mk2(bsbpb->rde, bpb.rde);
582
		mk2(bsbpb->sec, bpb.sec);
583
		mk1(bsbpb->mid, bpb.mid);
584
		mk2(bsbpb->spf, bpb.spf);
585
		mk2(bsbpb->spt, bpb.spt);
586
		mk2(bsbpb->hds, bpb.hds);
587
		mk4(bsbpb->hid, bpb.hid);
588
		mk4(bsbpb->bsec, bpb.bsec);
589
		x1 += sizeof(struct bsbpb);
590
		if (fat == 32) {
591
		    bsxbpb = (struct bsxbpb *)(img + x1);
592
		    mk4(bsxbpb->bspf, bpb.bspf);
593
		    mk2(bsxbpb->xflg, 0);
594
		    mk2(bsxbpb->vers, 0);
595
		    mk4(bsxbpb->rdcl, bpb.rdcl);
596
		    mk2(bsxbpb->infs, bpb.infs);
597
		    mk2(bsxbpb->bkbs, bpb.bkbs);
598
		    x1 += sizeof(struct bsxbpb);
599
		}
600
		bsx = (struct bsx *)(img + x1);
601
		mk1(bsx->sig, 0x29);
602
		if (Iflag)
603
		    x = opt_I;
604
		else
605
		    x = (((u_int)(1 + tm->tm_mon) << 8 |
606
			  (u_int)tm->tm_mday) +
607
			 ((u_int)tm->tm_sec << 8 |
608
			  (u_int)(tv.tv_usec / 10))) << 16 |
609
			((u_int)(1900 + tm->tm_year) +
610
			 ((u_int)tm->tm_hour << 8 |
611
			  (u_int)tm->tm_min));
612
		mk4(bsx->volid, x);
613
		mklabel(bsx->label, opt_L ? opt_L : "NO NAME");
614
		snprintf(buf, sizeof buf, "FAT%u", fat);
615
		setstr(bsx->type, buf, sizeof(bsx->type));
616
		if (!opt_B) {
617
		    x1 += sizeof(struct bsx);
618
		    bs = (struct bs *)img;
619
		    mk1(bs->jmp[0], 0xeb);
620
		    mk1(bs->jmp[1], x1 - 2);
621
		    mk1(bs->jmp[2], 0x90);
622
		    setstr(bs->oem, opt_O ? opt_O : "BSD  4.4",
623
			   sizeof(bs->oem));
624
		    memcpy(img + x1, bootcode, sizeof(bootcode));
625
		    mk2(img + MINBPS - 2, DOSMAGIC);
626
		}
627
	    } else if (fat == 32 && bpb.infs != MAXU16 &&
628
		       (lsn == bpb.infs ||
629
			(bpb.bkbs != MAXU16 &&
630
			 lsn == bpb.bkbs + bpb.infs))) {
631
		mk4(img, 0x41615252);
632
		mk4(img + MINBPS - 28, 0x61417272);
633
		mk4(img + MINBPS - 24, 0xffffffff);
634
		mk4(img + MINBPS - 20, 0xffffffff);
635
		mk2(img + MINBPS - 2, DOSMAGIC);
636
	    } else if (lsn >= bpb.res && lsn < dir &&
637
		       !((lsn - bpb.res) %
638
			 (bpb.spf ? bpb.spf : bpb.bspf))) {
639
		mk1(img[0], bpb.mid);
640
		for (x = 1; x < fat * (fat == 32 ? 3 : 2) / 8; x++)
641
		    mk1(img[x], fat == 32 && x % 4 == 3 ? 0x0f : 0xff);
642
	    } else if (lsn == dir && opt_L) {
643
		de = (struct de *)img;
644
		mklabel(de->namext, opt_L);
645
		mk1(de->attr, 050);
646
		x = (u_int)tm->tm_hour << 11 |
647
		    (u_int)tm->tm_min << 5 |
648
		    (u_int)tm->tm_sec >> 1;
649
		mk2(de->time, x);
650
		x = (u_int)(tm->tm_year - 80) << 9 |
651
		    (u_int)(tm->tm_mon + 1) << 5 |
652
		    (u_int)tm->tm_mday;
653
		mk2(de->date, x);
654
	    }
655
	    if ((n = write(fd, img, bpb.bps)) == -1)
656
		err(1, "%s", fname);
657
	    if (n != bpb.bps)
658
		errx(1, "%s: can't write sector %u", fname, lsn);
659
	}
660
    }
661
    return 0;
662
}
663
664
/*
665
 * Exit with error if file system is mounted.
666
 */
667
static void
668
check_mounted(const char *fname, mode_t mode)
669
{
670
    struct statfs *mp;
671
    const char *s1, *s2;
672
    size_t len;
673
    int n, r;
674
675
    if (!(n = getmntinfo(&mp, MNT_NOWAIT)))
676
	err(1, "getmntinfo");
677
    len = sizeof(_PATH_DEV) - 1;
678
    s1 = fname;
679
    if (!strncmp(s1, _PATH_DEV, len))
680
	s1 += len;
681
    r = S_ISCHR(mode) && s1 != fname && *s1 == 'r';
682
    for (; n--; mp++) {
683
	s2 = mp->f_mntfromname;
684
	if (!strncmp(s2, _PATH_DEV, len))
685
	    s2 += len;
686
	if ((r && s2 != mp->f_mntfromname && !strcmp(s1 + 1, s2)) ||
687
	    !strcmp(s1, s2))
688
	    errx(1, "%s is mounted on %s", fname, mp->f_mntonname);
689
    }
690
}
691
692
/*
693
 * Get a standard format.
694
 */
695
static void
696
getstdfmt(const char *fmt, struct bpb *bpb)
697
{
698
    u_int x, i;
699
700
    x = sizeof(stdfmt) / sizeof(stdfmt[0]);
701
    for (i = 0; i < x && strcmp(fmt, stdfmt[i].name); i++);
702
    if (i == x)
703
	errx(1, "%s: unknown standard format", fmt);
704
    *bpb = stdfmt[i].bpb;
705
}
706
707
/*
708
 * Get disk slice, partition, and geometry information.
709
 */
710
static void
711
getdiskinfo(int fd, const char *fname, const char *dtype, int oflag,
712
	    struct bpb *bpb)
713
{
714
    struct disklabel dl, *lp;
715
    const char *s1, *s2;
716
    int part, i;
717
718
    part = -1;
719
    s1 = fname;
720
    if ((s2 = strrchr(s1, '/')))
721
	s1 = s2 + 1;
722
    for (s2 = s1; *s2 && !isdigit((unsigned char)*s2); s2++);
723
    if (!*s2 || s2 == s1)
724
	s2 = NULL;
725
    else
726
	while (isdigit((unsigned char)*++s2));
727
    s1 = s2;
728
    if (s2 && *s2 >= 'a' && *s2 <= 'a' + MAXPARTITIONS - 1) {
729
	part = *s2++ - 'a';
730
    }
731
    if (!s2 || (*s2 && *s2 != '.'))
732
	errx(1, "%s: can't figure out partition info", fname);
733
    if ((((!oflag && part != -1) || !bpb->bsec)) ||
734
	!bpb->bps || !bpb->spt || !bpb->hds) {
735
	lp = &dl;
736
	i = ioctl(fd, DIOCGDINFO, lp);
737
	if (i == -1) {
738
	    if (!dtype) {
739
		warn("ioctl (GDINFO)");
740
		errx(1, "%s: can't read disk label; "
741
		     "disk type must be specified", fname);
742
	    } else if (!(lp = getdiskbyname(dtype)))
743
		errx(1, "%s: unknown disk type", dtype);
744
	}
745
	if (part == -1)
746
	    part = RAW_PART;
747
	if (part >= lp->d_npartitions ||
748
	    !DL_GETPSIZE(&lp->d_partitions[part]))
749
	    errx(1, "%s: partition is unavailable", fname);
750
	if (!oflag && part != -1)
751
	    bpb->hid += DL_GETPOFFSET(&lp->d_partitions[part]);
752
	if (!bpb->bsec)
753
	    bpb->bsec = DL_GETPSIZE(&lp->d_partitions[part]);
754
	if (!bpb->bps)
755
	    bpb->bps = ckgeom(fname, lp->d_secsize, "bytes/sector");
756
	if (!bpb->spt)
757
	    bpb->spt = ckgeom(fname, lp->d_nsectors, "sectors/track");
758
	if (!bpb->hds)
759
	    bpb->hds = ckgeom(fname, lp->d_ntracks, "drive heads");
760
	if (bpb->spt > 63) {
761
	    bpb->hds = bpb->hds * bpb->spt / 63;
762
	    bpb->spt = 63;
763
	}
764
    }
765
}
766
767
/*
768
 * Print out BPB values.
769
 */
770
static void
771
print_bpb(struct bpb *bpb)
772
{
773
    printf("bps=%u spc=%u res=%u nft=%u", bpb->bps, bpb->spc, bpb->res,
774
	   bpb->nft);
775
    if (bpb->rde)
776
	printf(" rde=%u", bpb->rde);
777
    if (bpb->sec)
778
	printf(" sec=%u", bpb->sec);
779
    printf(" mid=%#x", bpb->mid);
780
    if (bpb->spf)
781
	printf(" spf=%u", bpb->spf);
782
    printf(" spt=%u hds=%u hid=%u", bpb->spt, bpb->hds, bpb->hid);
783
    if (bpb->bsec)
784
	printf(" bsec=%u", bpb->bsec);
785
    if (!bpb->spf) {
786
	printf(" bspf=%u rdcl=%u", bpb->bspf, bpb->rdcl);
787
	printf(" infs=");
788
	printf(bpb->infs == MAXU16 ? "%#x" : "%u", bpb->infs);
789
	printf(" bkbs=");
790
	printf(bpb->bkbs == MAXU16 ? "%#x" : "%u", bpb->bkbs);
791
    }
792
    printf("\n");
793
}
794
795
/*
796
 * Check a disk geometry value.
797
 */
798
static u_int
799
ckgeom(const char *fname, u_int val, const char *msg)
800
{
801
    if (!val)
802
	errx(1, "%s: no default %s", fname, msg);
803
    if (val > MAXU16)
804
	errx(1, "%s: illegal %s", fname, msg);
805
    return val;
806
}
807
808
/*
809
 * Convert and check a numeric option argument.
810
 */
811
static u_int
812
argtou(const char *arg, u_int lo, u_int hi, const char *msg)
813
{
814
    char *s;
815
    u_long x;
816
817
    errno = 0;
818
    x = strtoul(arg, &s, 0);
819
    if (errno || !*arg || *s || x < lo || x > hi)
820
	errx(1, "%s: bad %s", arg, msg);
821
    return x;
822
}
823
824
/*
825
 * Check a volume label.
826
 */
827
static int
828
oklabel(const char *src)
829
{
830
    int c = 0, i;
831
832
    for (i = 0; i <= 11; i++) {
833
	c = (u_char)*src++;
834
	if (c < ' ' + !i || strchr("\"*+,./:;<=>?[\\]|", c))
835
	    break;
836
    }
837
    return i && !c;
838
}
839
840
/*
841
 * Make a volume label.
842
 */
843
static void
844
mklabel(u_int8_t *dest, const char *src)
845
{
846
    int c, i;
847
848
    for (i = 0; i < 11; i++) {
849
	c = *src ? toupper((unsigned char)*src++) : ' ';
850
	*dest++ = !i && c == '\xe5' ? 5 : c;
851
    }
852
}
853
854
/*
855
 * Copy string, padding with spaces.
856
 */
857
static void
858
setstr(u_int8_t *dest, const char *src, size_t len)
859
{
860
    while (len--)
861
	*dest++ = *src ? *src++ : ' ';
862
}
863
864
/*
865
 * Print usage message.
866
 */
867
static __dead void
868
usage(void)
869
{
870
	extern const char	*__progname;
871
872
	fprintf(stderr, "usage: %s "
873
	    "[-N] [-a FAT-size] [-B boot] [-b block-size]\n"
874
	    "\t[-c cluster-size] [-e dirents] [-F FAT-type] [-f format]\n"
875
	    "\t[-h heads] [-I volid] [-i info] [-k backup] [-L label]\n"
876
	    "\t[-m media] [-n FATs] [-O OEM] [-o hidden] [-r reserved]\n"
877
	    "\t[-S sector-size] [-s total] [-u track-size] special\n"
878
	    "\t[disktype]\n",
879
	    __progname);
880
	exit(1);
881
}