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    /*	$OpenBSD: s_casin.c,v 1.8 2016/09/12 19:47:02 guenther Exp $	*/  | 
    
    
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    /*  | 
    
    
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     * Copyright (c) 2008 Stephen L. Moshier <steve@moshier.net>  | 
    
    
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     *  | 
    
    
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     * Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any  | 
    
    
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     * purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above  | 
    
    
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     * copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.  | 
    
    
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     *  | 
    
    
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     * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES  | 
    
    
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     * WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF  | 
    
    
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     * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR  | 
    
    
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     * ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES  | 
    
    
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     * WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN  | 
    
    
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     * ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF  | 
    
    
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     * OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.  | 
    
    
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     */  | 
    
    
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    /*							casin()  | 
    
    
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     *  | 
    
    
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     *	Complex circular arc sine  | 
    
    
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     *  | 
    
    
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     * SYNOPSIS:  | 
    
    
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     *  | 
    
    
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     * double complex casin();  | 
    
    
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     * double complex z, w;  | 
    
    
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     *  | 
    
    
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     * w = casin (z);  | 
    
    
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     *  | 
    
    
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     *  | 
    
    
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     *  | 
    
    
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     * DESCRIPTION:  | 
    
    
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     * Inverse complex sine:  | 
    
    
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     *  | 
    
    
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     *                               2  | 
    
    
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     * w = -i clog( iz + csqrt( 1 - z ) ).  | 
    
    
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     *  | 
    
    
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     * casin(z) = -i casinh(iz)  | 
    
    
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     *  | 
    
    
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     * ACCURACY:  | 
    
    
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     *  | 
    
    
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     *                      Relative error:  | 
    
    
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     * arithmetic   domain     # trials      peak         rms  | 
    
    
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     *    DEC       -10,+10     10100       2.1e-15     3.4e-16  | 
    
    
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     *    IEEE      -10,+10     30000       2.2e-14     2.7e-15  | 
    
    
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     * Larger relative error can be observed for z near zero.  | 
    
    
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     * Also tested by csin(casin(z)) = z.  | 
    
    
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     */  | 
    
    
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    #include <complex.h>  | 
    
    
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    #include <float.h>  | 
    
    
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    #include <math.h>  | 
    
    
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    double complex  | 
    
    
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    casin(double complex z)  | 
    
    
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    { | 
    
    
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    	double complex w;  | 
    
    
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    	static double complex ca, ct, zz, z2;  | 
    
    
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    	double x, y;  | 
    
    
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    	x = creal (z);  | 
    
    
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    	y = cimag (z);  | 
    
    
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    #if 0  | 
    
    
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    	if (y == 0.0) { | 
    
    
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    		if (fabs(x) > 1.0) { | 
    
    
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    			w = M_PI_2 + 0.0 * I;  | 
    
    
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    			/*mtherr ("casin", DOMAIN);*/ | 
    
    
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    		}  | 
    
    
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    		else { | 
    
    
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    			w = asin (x) + 0.0 * I;  | 
    
    
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    		}  | 
    
    
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    		return (w);  | 
    
    
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    	}  | 
    
    
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    #endif  | 
    
    
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    	/* Power series expansion */  | 
    
    
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    	/*  | 
    
    
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    	b = cabs(z);  | 
    
    
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    	if( b < 0.125 ) { | 
    
    
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    		z2.r = (x - y) * (x + y);  | 
    
    
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    		z2.i = 2.0 * x * y;  | 
    
    
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    		cn = 1.0;  | 
    
    
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    		n = 1.0;  | 
    
    
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    		ca.r = x;  | 
    
    
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    		ca.i = y;  | 
    
    
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    		sum.r = x;  | 
    
    
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    		sum.i = y;  | 
    
    
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    		do { | 
    
    
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    			ct.r = z2.r * ca.r  -  z2.i * ca.i;  | 
    
    
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    			ct.i = z2.r * ca.i  +  z2.i * ca.r;  | 
    
    
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    			ca.r = ct.r;  | 
    
    
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    			ca.i = ct.i;  | 
    
    
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    			cn *= n;  | 
    
    
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    			n += 1.0;  | 
    
    
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    			cn /= n;  | 
    
    
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    			n += 1.0;  | 
    
    
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    			b = cn/n;  | 
    
    
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    			ct.r *= b;  | 
    
    
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    			ct.i *= b;  | 
    
    
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    			sum.r += ct.r;  | 
    
    
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    			sum.i += ct.i;  | 
    
    
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    			b = fabs(ct.r) + fabs(ct.i);  | 
    
    
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    		}  | 
    
    
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    		while( b > MACHEP );  | 
    
    
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    		w->r = sum.r;  | 
    
    
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    		w->i = sum.i;  | 
    
    
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    		return;  | 
    
    
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    	}  | 
    
    
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    	*/  | 
    
    
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    	ca = x + y * I;  | 
    
    
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    	ct = ca * I;  | 
    
    
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    	/* sqrt( 1 - z*z) */  | 
    
    
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    	/* cmul( &ca, &ca, &zz ) */  | 
    
    
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    	/*x * x  -  y * y */  | 
    
    
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    	zz = (x - y) * (x + y) + (2.0 * x * y) * I;  | 
    
    
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    	zz = 1.0 - creal(zz) - cimag(zz) * I;  | 
    
    
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    	z2 = csqrt (zz);  | 
    
    
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    	zz = ct + z2;  | 
    
    
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    	zz = clog (zz);  | 
    
    
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    	/* multiply by 1/i = -i */  | 
    
    
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    	w = zz * (-1.0 * I);  | 
    
    
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    	return (w);  | 
    
    
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    }  | 
    
    
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    DEF_STD(casin);  | 
    
    
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    LDBL_MAYBE_CLONE(casin);  |